Microbiological Studies
[Abbr: Acd. Jr. AJMBS]The Role of Lactic Acid to Maintain the Vaginal Health
by Mahesh Sharma
The vagina of human is preserved by different microbes of 50 species. In women health, the most effective, widespread, and frequently dominant micro-organism is Lactobacilli which protect the vagina from the infection. The diversity of anaerobic and aerobic micro-organism contains healthy women’s vaginal microbiota and due to this microbiota, the composition is changed rapidly which are not completely vibrant. This microbiota cause the infection at the level in which organisms have pathogenic prospective with other mutual bacteria. In vaginal epithelium, the capability of lactobacilli to stick and participate for bond sites and produce the antimicrobial composites like hydrogen peroxide, bacteriocin, and lactic acid like components which are very important. In some condition, probiotics are used to inhabit the vagina and also treat the infection, it has the efficiency as antimicrobial treatment’s supplementation for improving the cure rates and prevent reappearances. In this paper, discuss lactic acid role for marinating the vaginal health and use of probiotics. Keywords: Lactobacilli, Probiotics, Antimicrobial, Microbiota Keywords: Lactobacilli, Probiotics, Antimicrobial, Microbiota
The Relation between Plants and Soil Microorganisms
by Ashutosh Kumar
In recent, the use of fertilizers is growing day by day. The usage of fertilizers with an aim is to increase the production of plants with high quality. These fertilizers affect the natural resources such as soil, water and air due to which the pollution is increased and harm the organisms. To reduce the problems related to the fertilizers, the researcher found out the alternative methods of production by which the growth and productivity of plants can be increased. In this alternative methods, one is the use of biomass which is rich in the number of microorganisms. Microorganisms play a dynamic role in the growth of plants. Rather than the biomass, soil also contains microorganisms called soil microorganism in the rhizosphere. The soil microorganisms have an interrelation with the plants. Plants help in the development of these microorganisms and vise verse in the form of growth and productivity. This paper represents the role of plant and microorganism with each other as for how plant contributes in microbe and microbes activities in plant growth. Keywords: Fertilizers, Rhizosphere, Soil Microorganism
Listeria Monocyogenes: An Overview
by Pankaj Khare
Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen which is cosmopolitan. It can be found in raw plants, food, soil, and water. L. monocytogenes with Listeriosis infection can be mild but to cross the epithelial barrier of the intestinal tract, the fetoplacental barrier and the blood-brain barrier depends upon the capability of the pathogen which can result into several other illnesses especially on pregnant women and the person with the low immune system. It can also have the ability to form biofilms. In food processing, it is resistant to many of stress imposed such as salt. As a public health threat, in terms of cost of analysis L. monocytogenes is one of the major economic burdens on industry. Good hygienic practices, Sanitation, and HACCP should be implemented to prevent the growth of this bacterium in food industries. Appropriate methodologies are also required for the isolation and detection. In this paper, we will discuss the characteristics, symptoms, transmission, diagnosis, growth, and control of Listeria monocytogenes. Keywords: Food, Symptoms, Listeria monocytogenes, Temperature.
The Clinical Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Infections in Children and Adolescents
by Aditya Singh
UTI or Urinary Tract Infection is an infection caused generally by bacteria Escherichia coli. There are about 85-90% of the cases of UTI is caused by the Escherichia coli which is the most common bacterial pathogens. In this paper, the diagnosis and management of acute and recurrent urinary tract infection in the pediatric and adolescent population is discussed. Related literatures to the urinary tract infections are also summarized in this paper. UTI depends upon various factors such as age, sex, race/ethnicity, and circumcision status. Diagnosis of UTI is done with the help of urine analysis. UTI is a common occurrence in human beings depending upon the severity of the infection it can be both non harmful and harmful. Keywords: Urinary Tract Infection, Cystitis, Nephrology, Urology, Paediatrics, Diagnosis
A Study on Nosocomial Infections
by Mahesh Sharma
In current scenario, Nosocomial infections are caused by different factors such as inappropriate hygiene. Patients in hospital can easily get infections of diseases like methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from hospital staff who do not practice basic hygienic measures. Nosocomial infection may also be result of contaminated use of injections, inappropriately bandaged incisions during surgeries, contaminated surgical equipment’s, catheters, organ transplant and etc. However, frequency of these type of cases have become less in number today due to advanced technology but still it’s the primary role of hospital staff to cure their patients from any suspected nosocomial infection. Here in this paper an effort has been done to understand the nosocomial infection and preventive measure taken to reduce the risk given by World Health Organization. Keywords: Nosocomial Infections, World Health Organization, Preventive Measures
Aspergillus fumigatus and Its Weapons for Infection
by Neeraj Kumar Singh, Mahesh Sharma
Aspergillus fumigatus is an opportunistic pathogen causing infection in immunosuppressed patients. Its incidence is increasing since last decade and spreading fatal diseases amongst the weakened immunity patients. Aspergillus fumigatus have number of characteristics like thermotolerance, small conidiospores size, enzymes, allergens, and toxins etc. that help to protect it from host defence mechanism. Pathogenic properties of this fungus and defect in host immunity mechanism may result in dissemination of this pathogen. A better understanding about its pathogenic characteristics will help in better clinical treatment of patients. In this article, we tried to explore the characteristics that enhance its pathogenic calibre to cause infections. Key words: Aspergillus fumigatus; immune system; allergens; toxins; proteases; phospholipases