Bioinformatics
[Abbr: Acd. Jr. AJBI]The Analysis of Proteomics on the basis of Mass Spectrometry and 2-Dimensional Electrophoresis
by Ms. B. Bhavani, Ms. B. Chandrakala
Mass spectrometry (MS) is an extensively known as one of the dominant device for analyzing biological and molecular samples that is involved into an essential means for proteomics research. By using mass spectrometry, identification of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) with restrained pH grades (IPGs) that is united with protein and workhorse for proteomics. Mass spectrometry is used by researcher for recognizing, measuring and illustrating biomolecules like proteins from any amount of biological situations or specimen forms. 2-DE currently, is a procedure that can be used for equivalent quantifiable manifestation summarizing of huge collections of multifaceted protein combinations like as complete cell lysates. Segregation of multifaceted mixture of proteins as per their molecular mass, isoelectric point, relative abundance and solubility by using 2-DE. In this paper, discuss about the mass spectrometry for proteomics and 2-dimensional electrophoresis in proteomics. Keywords: Mass Spectrometry (MS), 2-dimensional Electrophoresis, Isoelectric point, Solubility
A Study on Differential Gene Expression by RNA-Sequencing Technology
by Mahesh Sharma, Pradyut Kumar Mohanty
Differential gene expression is an important project in the field of biology. From the study of gene expression, the production of new gene product can be made by the information of gene. These expression need very high skill and time. In past, gene expression is done by the microarray based techniques that have the many drawbacks. Nowadays new technology ‘RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) is used for the gene expression that overcomes the drawback of microarray techniques. In RNA-Seq analysis, a large number of tools are accessible that have the same steps: reading the alignment, expression modeling, and determination of variably expressed genes. These tools are edgeR, DESeq, baySeq, NOIseq and so on. This paper represents the presentation of RNA-Seq in the identification of differential gene expression with their different software tool. It also defines the types of RNA-Seq that have the use in the detection of gene of disease i.e., Cancer. Keywords: Gene Expression, RNA-Seq, Tools
A Study of Bio-ontologies
by Vipul Joshi
Ontology has been adapted by the biologists that is widely used in biological and biomedical research which in itself is considered as a mode to constantly interpret characteristics from genotype to phenotype. Artifacts called ontologies in medicinal informatics that have been considerably applied for an extensive time duration to create and deliver governed terminologies for coding arrangements. It is an amalgamation of four chief characteristics that is existent in nearly all ontologies in which success lies: allocation of regular identifiers for courses and associations that characterize the portents present in a domain; allocation of a terminology for a domain; allocation of metadata that defines the proposed connotation of the courses and associations in ontologies; and the allocation of machine-readable adages and descriptions that permit computational entree to some facets of the connotation of courses and associations. In this paper, it is discussed regarding the chief characteristics of ontologies, kinds of gene ontologies and forthcoming fashion of ontologies. Keywords: Ontology, Phenotype, Genotype, Vocabulary
Telemedicine: Future of Healthcare
by Jennifer Schweize
In order to make a patient’s life calmer by letting secluded medical examination and therapy without any restraints of time and distance, telemedicine facilities displays a huge influence. Telemedicine is casted in many medical spheres and through countless healthcare set ups, which vary from mobile patient-centric uses to multifaceted interfaces amidst clinicians in tertiary referral hospital set ups. Throughout the previous decade, maximum people have been able to evade bodily going into labor by teleworking from their home computer to detecting their critical health issues. Telemedicine skills have been offered as solutions to the trials of equitable, reasonable rates and competent health service endowment for over a couple of decades. The success of telemedicine Services success was reported by many groups after performing and evaluating different clinical trial onshore. This paper discourses some current regions of noteworthy progress and advancement in the ground of telemedicine, with the determination of recognizing durable tendencies in both studying as well as exercising events. Keywords: Telemedicine, Healthcare, Technologies, Trials
A New Generation in Genome Sequencing: Next Generation Sequencing Techniques
by Mukesh Pandya
A new scientific discipline ‘Genomics’ has the DNA sequencing which is used as the core of it. This technology has low cost with the improved scale of genome characterization compare to the history of 40 years in the field of genome. Before the use of NGS, Sanger sequencing was used that had many drawback such as time consuming, less accuracy and so on. Now, in the DNA sequencing, Next generation Sequencing (NGS) provides rapid ways in the characterization of genome, profiling of mRNAs, small RNAs, transcription factor regions, structure of chromatin and DNA methylation patterns, microbiology and metagenomics. These NGS technologies have many advantages in the analysis of genome such as of cost-effectiveness, unprecedented sequencing speed, high resolution and accuracy. This paper represent the applications of Next generation sequencing by the use of different platforms or software by which the disease can be detected with the high accuracy and it is also use for the medicinal purpose as it treats the disease. With the use of many platforms, NGS technologies also have the Con i.e., storage capacity (large genome data). Keywords: Genomics, Platforms, Storage Capacity, Diseases