Introduction

Patient surge is referred to as sudden, unanticipated demand for health services in case of Disaster events. During a disaster, capacity to respond is increased by the demand for care and the acceptable patterns of institutions for care are disturbed to provide the service for crisis standards for care. Emergency system response plan (ESRP) of hospital is activated that generate an incident command system (ICS) structure for the leadership decision-making. A wealth research includes the evidence based approaches and resources that should be available to nurse leaders for the preparation, responding, mitigations and recovery from the disasters. In case of making decision and engaging in ICS for critical situation, Nurse should have Universal or at minimum, widely tested and accepted knowledge sets and competencies. In the field of disaster response, new concept was application of competency-based leadership, decision-making and education. For the identification of those leadership competencies that are associated with better disaster outcomes, evidence must be used. For this, the lists of competencies and recommendations have been generated by many experts and organizations for the clinicians and public health professionals who works in disaster. During disaster, the standardization of nurse training and expectations of nurse leader competencies do not exist.

Center for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED) defines Disaster as “a situation/event, which overpowers the local capacity, compelling a request to a national or international level for external help; an unanticipated and habitually sudden event that causes great damage, devastation and human distress”. An event or situation in which all essential services like house, transportation sanitation and communication, water and health disrupt is considered as disaster. The main features of disaster are unpredictability, unfamiliarity, speed, uncertainty, urgency and threat. Disaster is classified as Natural, biological, hydrological, meteorological, climatological and techno-logical. An example of natural disaster are earthquake in Haiti in 2010 followed by a tsunami and the nuclear catastrophe in japan in 2011 are the example of mixed natural and manmade disaster. In last 20 years, more than five million people have been affected by the different types of disaster within the countries of Western Europe. In that timeframe, 38,643 people were killed and 8,835 people were injured.