Introduction

For understanding the nature of heat with the bone, there is need to know about the basic structure and function of the bone. It is a living connective tissue that continually works in repairing and remodeling itself during lifetime against the damage or stressors. The bones’ composition maintain this function. Bone is mainly consist of organic and inorganic material. Actually the organic materials i.e., collagen and protein are inbuilt in an inorganic matrix. The combination of organic and inorganic material provides the strong support, and semi-flexible skeletal structure through which the person is capable to show tensile and compressive forces during locomotion. The function of bones as it provide the shape to the body, protect the organs, provide the attachment to the muscles and act as devices for movement. With these properties and function, the bones also work as a storage site for storing the minerals and contains marrow by which blood cells are developed and stored, and supply the body. The personal identification through the use of soft tissue become difficult because of the putrefaction, mummification and severe burn. In these cases, the hard tissue i.e., bones and teeth are only materials by which the forensic investigator or anthropologist can estimate the precise identification. 

During fire, the fire begin through the burn of skin and soft tissues and after that reach to the skeletal muscles. In the exposure of high temperatures, bones’ chemical properties are altered and structural integrity is reduced and lost. This is because of the evaporation, degradation of organic material and inorganic matrix transformation. According to the scientists and researchers, the organic and inorganic degradation is a complex procedure which is not completely understood yet. In the current scenario, decomposition, dehydration, inversion and fusion (combine together) are used as a stages of heat modification process.